Nathan

Nathan (Hebrew: נָתַן‎ Nāṯan; Syriac: ܢܬܢ‎ fl. c. 1000 BC) is a prophet in the Hebrew Bible.

Biblical accounts

His actions are described in the Books of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles (especially 2 Samuel 7:2-17, 12:1-25).

Nathan was a court prophet who lived in the time of King David. He is introduced in 2 Samuel 7:2 and 1 Chronicles 17:1 as an advisor to David, with whom David reflects on the contrast between his own comfortable home and the tent in which the Ark of the Covenant is accommodated. Nathan then announced to David the covenant God was making with him (2 Samuel 7:4-17, a passage known as Nathan's Oracle),^[1] contrasting David's proposal to build a house (i.e. a building) for the Ark with God's plan to build a house (i.e. a dynasty) for David. Later, he came to David to reprimand him for committing adultery with Bathsheba while she was the wife of Uriah the Hittite, whose death the King had also arranged to hide his previous transgression (2 Samuel 12:7-14).

According to Chronicles, Nathan wrote histories of the reigns of both David (1 Chronicles 29:29) and Solomon (2 Chronicles 9:29), and was involved in the music of the temple (see 2 Chronicles 29:25).

In 1 Kings 1:8-45 it is Nathan who tells the dying David of the plot of Adonijah to become king, resulting in Solomon being proclaimed king instead. Nathan presides at the anointing of King Solomon, and his name appears in Handel's coronation anthem "Zadok the Priest".